LEE HARVEY OSWALD BIOGRAPHY

Also known as:
· A.J. Hidell, Alek Oswald, Lee Oswald,
· O. H. Lee,
· Harvey Oswald
THIS BIOGRAPHY IS A WORK IN PROGRESS. IT CONSTITUTES AN UNCENSORED WORK FOR REFERENCE AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO "OFFICIAL VERSION" ACCOUNTS THAT MASK THE REAL OSWALD. REFERENCES WILL BE ADDED SOON. JVB
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Lee Harvey Oswald (October 18, 1939 – November 24, 1963). Father: Robert Edward Lee Oswald, Sr.; Mother: Marguerite Claverie Oswald; Brothers: John Edward Pic (half brother - born 1931), Robert Edward Lee Oswald, Jr.; Wife: Marina (Nikolayevna Prusakova) Oswald; Children: June Lee Oswald (born Feb. 15, 1961), Audrey Marina Rachel Oswald (born Oct. 20, 1963).

Oswald was officially accused as the lone assassin of President John F. Kennedy, who was sot and killed on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas. Oswald was presumed guilty shortly after his arrest: no hunt for any other gunman took place after his arrest. Oswald was also presumed guilty of shooting Dallas police officer J. D. Tippit the same day, shortly before his arrest. Two subsequent government investigations of Oswald's life and actions minimized concerns about a conspiracy, despite certain troubling witness statements, planted evidence in the case, and allegations by CIA and FBI agents that Oswald had worked in some capacity for the CIA and FBI.

A majority of Americans have always believed Oswald was innocent, or at least, not the sole assassin, despite consistent media efforts to convince the public otherwise. The persistence of the public's opinion should be respected. Therefore, this site seeks to present a truly balanced and unbiased biography of Oswald, based not only on information provided by the two official government investigations (The Warren Commission, and later, The House Special Committee on Assassinations) but also on additional verified evidence, much of it released decades after the official investigations were concluded, due to an outcry of the people after the 1991 Oliver Stone film, JFK, showcased how much the case, and Oswald, had been mishandled.

INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE

In 1959, Lee Harvey Oswald, a former United States Marine, defected to the Soviet Union at the height of the Cold War, arriving in Moscow just before his 20th birthday. He returned nearly three years later to the United States with a Russian wife and baby, without being arrested. Less than two years later, Oswald, age 24, was arrested an hour and a half after Kennedy was shot, on suspicion of killing Dallas police officer J. D. Tippit (shot and killed thirty-four minutes after Kennedy's assassination). Within 24 hours, Oswald was arraigned for both murders. Subsequent government investigations ruled Oswald was the sole assassin, but, as Dallas author and reporter Jim Marrs testified before the ARRB (Assassinations Records Review Board -- assembled after the Oliver Stone movie "JFK" forced the release of hundreds of thousands of secret documents related to Oswald): "...consider yourselves detectives. You arrive on the crime scene and here is the victim's body. The uniformed police present you with four suspects. By the way, they tell you, we caught SuspectNumber 4 destroying evidence, withholding evidence, altering evidence, fabricating evidence and intimidating witnesses. Now who are you going to believe committed the crime? Suspect Number4. In this case Suspect Number 4 represents persons within the Federal Government of the United States. The crimes mentioned have been documented. So the government that we turn to for information on this case includes some of the very suspects in the case." Marrs' statement exemplifies the problems encountered in assigning "guilty" or "innocent" to Oswald regarding his role in the death of Kennedy, and why "conspiracy theorists" find the Kennedy assassination case so intriguing. If the fox killed the chicken, can he be trusted to guard the henhouse? To briefly present a few salient examples of questionable evidence used to present Oswald as guilty, there are at least two "killer rifles" involved, both identified as "the" rifle owned by Oswald that killed Kennedy. One "killer rifle" -- an Italian carbine -- is on display at The National Archives. It measures 36" long. But the famed "backyard photos" purport to show Oswald with the "same" rifle, but that Italian carbine measures 40" long. The two rifles even have different sling attachments. The "backyard photos" also show Oswald's chin as square -- clearly not his chin. Oswald himself protested, when shown one of these photographs, that his head had been pasted onto someone else's body (see photo, sidebar). In another example, Oswald, unshaven, beaten, and wearing torn clothing, was placed in lineups with three well-dressed office workers wearing ties and jackets. Oswald's request to at least be allowed a shower, and to be given a jacket to wear, was denied. A third example of mishandling the suspect and the evidence is that, stunningly, no written or recorded records of anything Oswald said during over 12 hours of interrogation were ever made, though a pool of stenographers worked for the Dallas police department, and tape recorders were available. The Warren Commission had to rely on what the Dallas police, the FBI and the CIA interrogating officers reported, but even so, everyone agreed Oswald never confessed to the crime, despite relentless pressure to do so. Decades later, FBI agent James Hosty, who interrogated Oswald part of that time, presented a few scribbled notes for examination. "I emphatically deny these charges," Oswald told reporters. "I'm just a patsy!" Within forty-eight hours —before he could be brought to trial, while being transferred under heavy police custody from the city jail to the county jail—Oswald was shot, mortally wounded by nightclub owner, police-fixer and mafia associate Jack Ruby. The murder was viewed by millions on live television. As Oswald lay dying, having been taken to a small room in the garage where the shooting took place, police urged him to speak some final words of confession. Oswald shook his head, then lapsed into unconsciousness. He was taken by ambulance to Parkland Hospital a few minutes later -- the same hospital where President Kennedy had died two days earlier. There Oswald expired, during a frantic operation to repair massive internal injuries from the bullet. Oswald's was the first live murder in television history. In 1964 the Warren Commission, whose members were appointed by President Lyndon Johnson, published The Warren Commission Report on September 24, 1964, with 26 volumes of investigative material and interviews. It concluded that lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in the killing of Kennedy and the wounding of Texas Governor John Connally, who was in the same car with Kennedy. The findings have since proven controversial and have been both challenged and reaffirmed.
The Commission took its unofficial name—the Warren Commission—from its chairman, Chief Justice Earl Warren.

Commission members were Sen. Richard Russell (Dem. GA), Sen. John S. Cooper (Rep., KY), Rep. Hale Boggs (Dem. LA), Rep. Gerald Ford (Rep.,MI), Allen W. Dulles, former Director of the CIA, and John J. McCloy, former Navy Intelligence officer and former World Bank President. Among the advisors was attorney Arlen Specter, later a Senator. While the Commission was composed of distinguished members, several were enemies of Kennedy. In addition, they relied on reports made by the FBI, the CIA, the Dallas police department, and other government and military sources, rather than investigating the matter themselves, though the Commission did conduct dozens of interviews that were rarely attended by Commission members. Four of the seven Warren Commissioners -- the majority -- including Chairman Warren, expressed doubts about the Commission's conclusions within a decade of their report.

In 1967, District Attorney Jim Garrison arrested the former New Orleans Trade Mart Director Clay Shaw, and convinced a jury, through witness testimonies and the showing of a suppressed amateur film of the assassination (made by Abraham Zapruder on-scene in Dallas), that a conspiracy existed in the case, though the jury, deliberating in less than an hour, agreed unanimously that Shaw was not involved. In 1979, the House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) concluded, based on inaccurately interpreted acoustic evidence, that Oswald assassinated Kennedy "probably as a result of a conspiracy." The acoustic evidence in fact did not support any consideration of conspiracy. However, the HSCA did not have uncensored access to CIA records: reporter Jefferson Morley, the plaintiff in a lawsuit against the CIA, years later demanded the release of records pertaining to CIA officer George Joannides, who had served as the CIA's liaison with the HSCA. Unbeknownst to the HSCA, Joannides had, in 1963, been the case officer for the Student Revolutionary Directorate, a militant Cuban exile group with whom Lee Harvey Oswald had multiple interactions in New Orleans. Joannides had deliberately withheld important information from the HSCA. Despite these findings, in October, 2006, Judge Richard Leon upheld the CIA's right to block disclosure of records about Joannides's operational activities in August 1963. The decision is typical of many involving records still withheld (or destroyed) in the case despite the pasage of decades. With these considerations in mind, a truly unbiased biography of Lee Harvey Oswald should be avalable that not only presents the official government version, which is available widely, but also the most compelling new information and witness testimonies that have emerged since official investigations were completed. There is interest in opening a new investigation based on the recommendations made by the ARRB (Assassination Records Review Board) that heard hundreds of new testimonies and fresh informaton concerning redacted, altered, or suppressed evidence. An avalanche of records --much of it redacted (censored) -- was then pried loose from government archives. This new mountain of material is still revealing surprises. Most of it relating to Oswald supports the theory that he was at least a low level government agent, that he had been impersonated numerous times, apparently to frame him, and that it is possible that Oswald never shot anybody on November 22, 1963.

However, the media has tended to use well-financed, well-designed documentaries, typically presenting sophisticated computer simulations and staged re-enactments where the outcomes always support the official government version that Oswald killed Kennedy, despite the Zapruder film's showing Kennedy's head thrown sharply back from a shot to the front of his skull, when Oswald was known to be located well behind Kennedy's car in the Texas School Book Depository. At Parkland Hospital, in Dallas, where Kennedy was pronounced dead, a host of doctors and nurses were present who have all testified that Kennedy had been shot from the front: photographs of most of them exist, where they point to the back sections of their heads, showing that a large exit wound was observed there, proving the bullet exited in the rear. But official x-rays released after Kennedy's autopsy in Bethesda, Maryland, showed only a small bullet-hole (an entrance wound) in the rear of Kennedy's skull. The gaping hole that would have proven Oswald was innocent had vanished.

With this kind of information, and much more, three documentaries (The Men Who Killed Kennedy, episodes 7,8 and 9, produced by Nigel Turnerbriefly aired on The History Channel in November, 2003. They were quickly quashed, then banned, after protests from two former Presidents, Lady Bird Johnson (former President Lyndon Johnson's widow) and important media figures. The documentaries also provided witness testimony that Oswald was attempting to save the President by penetrating the assassination ring, and that Oswald was killed to silence him. The documentaries also showed a fingerprint expert identifying the fingerprint of Malcolm Wallace, a henchman of Lyndon Johnson who had been convicted of murder, but through Johnson's influence was merely put on probation. The fingerprint was found on a box in the "sniper's nest" where Oswald was supposed to have been when Kennedy was shot, though several witnesses made it clear that Oswald was elsewhere at that time. The FBI denied, after a wait of over a year, that the fingerprint belonged to Wallace, though the seasoned fingerprint expert who had identified it insisted it was impossible not to declare a match with Wallace's prints on file. The three documentaries were removed from the History Channel, and the masters destroyed, but they can still be seen on You Tube and on private websites.

Because such evidence has been suppressed, or ignored, by defenders of the official version, and because many records still withheld will not be released until almost every witness will be deceased, and in consideration of the suspicious deaths of a number of witnesses who were speaking out, or might have done so, conspiracy theorists, noting how frequently the murders of leaders have occurred elsewhere in the world, have concluded that a Coup d'Etat may have taken place, with government officials cooperating with those responsible to keep the country from falling into chaos. With the knowledge that an Offical Version of Oswald's biography has been widely circulated as the "only" trustworthy version, when it is well known that much new evidence, and the statements of new emerging witnesses, have not been adequately addressed, or that such have even been suppressed or distorted by proponents of the Official Version, Oswald's biography will be presented here using a balanced viewpoint, taking into consideration both the Official Version and newer sources of information that have emerged in the decades since Oswald died.

LEE HARVEY OSWALD: BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

EARLY LIFE

Birthdate: October 18, 1939,Birthplace: The Old French Hospital in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. family members: Lee Oswald was the third child and third son of New Orleans native Marguerite Claverie, by her second marriage, to Robert Edward Lee Oswald (married 20 July, 1933). Lee Oswald's full brother, Robert, was born April 7, 1934. Lee's oldest sibling, a half-brother (John Edward Pic) was born January 17, 1932, after Marguerite's previous marriage to Edward John Pic, Jr ended in divorce. Marguerite described her marriage to Robert E. Lee Oswald as a happy one, but he died on August 19th, 1939, two months before Lee Oswald was born. He was named Lee after his father; Harvey was his paternal grandmother's maiden name. After a year, Marguerite, financially and emotionally stressed, placed her two older sons in a Lutheran orphanage, Bethlehem Children's Home, Lee at first being kept by his affectionate Aunt Lillian (Marguerite's sister) and his Uncle Charles "Dutz" Murret until he was old enough to enter the orphanage.

Marguerite's third marriage, to Edwin A. Ekdahl, an electrical engineer, allowed Lee to return home, to Dallas, TX. where he was treated as a son by Ekdahl, while Lee's brothers were sent to Chamberlain-Hunt Military Academy at Port Gibson, Miss, their tuition there paid by their mother. After they moved to Fort Worth, TX, the marriage deteriorated when Ekdahl committed infidelities, and the couple had a bitter divorce in June, 1948. Lee and his mother moved often in the ensuing years, each move making it more difficult for Lee, who suffered from dyslexia, to catch up on his studies and make friends. Nevertheless, Lee managed to pass his classes and did not fail any grades, and his general behavior was not considered erratic or violent, though there is no doubt that he was a thoughtful and quiet child, whose deep interest in reading, despite his disability, along with a lifelong interest in politics, classical music and chess, would serve to set him apart, a number of incidents occurred that have been offered as evidence of Oswald's potential to do violence.

Incidents of concern in his early teens included truancy while living in the Bronx, New York, where he and his mother moved in 1952, to the extent that he was remanded to Youth House, a reform school, which was a brutalizing experience. A psychiatrist there concluded Lee had emotional problems. There is a report from John Pic that Lee threatened his wife with a knife. But Lee may have found an anchor in his troubled seas: he reported to Judyth Vary Baker in 1963 that he found a 'cause to live for' when he viewed TV episodes of "I Led Three Lives" featuring the true, secret life of Herbert Philbrick, a double agent for the FBI who had penetrated a Communist cell in New York.

New evidence comes from the Charles Thomas family, that Charles Thomas, a Customs agent in Buffalo, New York, who later moved to Miami before relocating in Louisiana, befriended Lee in New York, and may have influenced him. Thomas, a decade later, was described as meeting Oswald in New Orleans a year after Oswald's return from the Soviet Union, for the purpose of expediting the processing of Oswald's passport, which he received, though a 'defector' to communism, and with a passport application that presented an intent to return to the Soviet Union and other suspect countries, in only 24 hours.

NEW YORK, HERBERT PHILBRICK, AND DAVID FERRIE

Lee Oswald told at least two other persons (his mother and his older brother) that Philbrick became a hero in his eyes. At this time, at age 13, it is known that he began studying both communism and capitalism intensely, reading Marx, Lenin, Hobbes, Hume, Huxley, and the works of American founding fathers, with the intention, Baker said, of becoming a double agent himself. Lee's family reported that Lee memorized his older brother Robert's Marine Manual, and that he wore his brother's Marine ring (the ring was removed from Oswald's left hand when he was arrested in Dallas on November 22, 1963). Fearing her son would be returned to Youth House after a brief reprieve, during which Lee Oswald seemed to be doing well in school, Marguerite returned to New Orleans with Lee in 1954.

Notably, Lee then took on a paper route and earned money for a Civil Air Patrol uniform. He attended CAP meetings in New Orleans, which stressed patriotism and pre-military training, especally flight training. A photo of Lee in the company of notorious CAP Commander and professional pilot David W. Ferrie was discovered in 1993 and published on PBS Frontline. Ferrie was later be implicated in the Kennedy assassination by New Orleans D.A. Jim Garrison, but died only days after he protested he would now be killed: the official autopsy said death occurred via natural causes, but two unsigned suicide notes and other difficulties obscure a final decision on the matter; Ferrie was unveiled as an Oswald associate, CIA asset and cancer researcher in the book "Dr. Mary's Monkey" (by Edward T. Haslam).

LIFE IN THE MARINES

In New Orleans, and later in Fort Worth, Texas, Lee would attend five different schools in the next few years, finally dropping out a few days after his 17th birthday to join the Marines (both his sibings had already joined military organizations), his longtime dream. After finishing Boot Camp, Lee next obtained a GED in the Marines, a matter rarely mentioned. He was also trained in marksmanship, but scored in the lower levels. Between October 1956 and October 1959, Lee was trained at Jacksonville, Biloxi, and El Toro. He then served on the U.S. S. Bexar, during wich time friends noticed he was studying Russian. He was sent to Atsugi, Japan (an MK-ULTRA and U2 spy station); he later saw duty in the Pacific, and in the South China Sea. By September, 1959, Lee had taken a test in Russian and had a thorough knowlede of Russian culture, music, and literature. Fellow Marines called him "Oswaldovitch." That they tolerated his apparent proclivity for all things Russian remains an unexplained paradox. Reports from officers and peers at this time vary as to Lee's character, whether he received covert training, and if he was a good Marine: some officers praised him, while others thought him lazy or derelict. Lee was court-martialed twice during this time, and other incidents of concern also occurred, but researchers, who argue over what remains of Lee's military record (many files were destroyed or 'lost,') haggle over evidence that Lee might have been specially trained to enter Russia as a fake defector. To be convincing as a disgruntled former Marine, he may have had to be 'dirtied up.' It is known that Lee consorted with expensive and beautiful Japanese courtesans at the Queen Bee lounge, who were suspected of being involved in espionage activities. His small Marine income would have made such activities financially impossible, and is in conflict with official statements that Lee was able to save plenty of money for his later trip to the Soviet Union from America. By September 20, 1959, Lee Oswald came to --and left --Texas after a visit to his mother lasting only a few days, proceeding to New Orleans. He had removed himself from active duty, using the excuse that his mother needed him due to an injury (which was only to her nose), becoming a Reserve Marine with an honorable discharge from active duty (the discharge would later be changed to 'undesireable': though Marine records supposedly cannot be altered after discharge, Oswald's were).

THE DEFECTION

By October 10, Lee was in London, and by Oct. 16, 1959, at the height of the Cold War, Lee Oswald became America's youngest and most enigmatic defector, not yet 20 years old. How he paid for the trip, the letters he sent to universities, and his utilization of a little-known military route to Moscow (through Helsinki), with precise timing for visas, suggest a well-planned scenario. Close scrutiny of Lee's life in the USSR, beginning with his taking an expensive suite at the luxurious Metropole Hotel in Moscow, and his actions there, which included cutting his left wrist in a "suicide" attempt that required four stitches to close, when he was first denied entry as a defetcor, as well as copious accounts from eyewitnesses, reveal many troubling factors, beginning with his actions at the US Embassy in Moscow. Lee Oswald supposedly 'tried to renounce his citizenship' and actually handed over his US passport at the Embassy, stating he planned to reveal classified information learned as a radar operator at the U2 base at Atsugi. So important was this information that testimony exists showing the codes concerning the U2 spy planes were immediately changed.

That Lee Oswald was then allowed to leave the US Embassy, to go mingle with the Russians, defies explanation, despite defensive comments later made that Lee was just a young fellow who didn't really mean what he threatened. Lee Oswald should have been detained, not allowed egress from the Embassy. Further, at the end of nearly three years, Lee Oswald returned to the US Embassy and picked up his passport, still kept at the Embassy; he also received a loan to pay for his and his family's expeditious return to the US (Oswald repaid the loan quickly), and with comparatively little difficulty, he returned to the US, even though he had a Russian wife and baby in tow. How Lee Oswald convinced both the Russians and the Americans to allow this unusual event to occur, with the Iron Curtain a stark reality, remains a mystery that neither government has adequately explained. Lee had spent most of his time in the USSR in Belarus (White Russia), at Minsk, where he had lived in relative comfort with his own private apartment-with-a-view, a good job, and a generous salary. He was known to be under constant surveillance by the Russians. Photos taken in the Soviet Union prove Lee Oswald was a sociable and gregarious individual during this time period, actively pursuing lively romantic interests, attending Party dances, and needing only six weeks to court (mostly from a hospital bed, when he fell ill with adenoiditis and otitis) a young, pretty Russian girl, 20-year-old Marina Nikolayevna Prusakova, who had been living in Minsk as an orphan with her aunt and uncle, an official in the Communist Party: the pair met March 17, 1961 and were wed in a State ceremony on April 30, 1961. It would not be a happy marriage.

RETURN TO THE US

A year later, the couple arrived in Fort Worth, Texas after a saga that included quick travel from behind the Iron Curtain through Poland and thence to The Netherlands, where they continued their journey by steamship from Rotterdam to New York, after which they flew to Texas. Remarkably, debriefing was reported as cursory: there was little overt interest in Lee Oswald's return from the USSR. There is evidence that Lee Oswald left baggage behind at one stop before reaching Texas. At this time, McCarthyism and anti-communism was rampant. Persons merely suspected of communist sympathies were fired, and Xenophobia reigned. Lee Oswald's photo had been in the papers when he 'defected' -- yet he returned without fanfare and immediately slipped into a 'normal' life, first in Fort Worth, then in Dallas, finding work through immediate friendly connections. Lee and Marina first lived briefly with Lee's married brother, Robert, and then with Marguerite, Lee's mother; soon, this arrangement proved impossible due to Marguerite's controlling ways, but the culture-shocked Marina was befriended by members of the White Russian Community in Dallas, who bewailed the way Lee was treating her. The main complaint was that Lee insisted on sequestering Marina and their baby (June Lee) and resented any material aid, though they struggled financially; Marina bitterly complained of being mistreated, though the sauve Baron George deMohrenschildt, a CIA asset, friend of Jackie Kennedy's family, petroleum geologist and Russian instructor (born in Minsk), stated in his memoirs "I Am a Patsy" (HSCA document, unpublished manuscript) that Marina constantly insulted and demeaned her husband both in private and public.

After Oswald beat his wife on at least three occasions, they separated, but despite her new friends' reproaches, Marina returned to Lee, and soon became pregnant again. Lee Oswald's job history is only briefly mentioned here: his whereabouts were sometimes unknown for days at a time when he was not employed. The official versions concur that he was a poor and sullen worker, and was let go by one employer (Jaggers-Chiles-Stovall) known to be printing maps and classified materials about Cuba --to which Lee Oswald had no certifiable access. But there is the puzzling matter of Lee's meticulous work record there, showing careful and consistent labor, and a strong work ethic. He put in many overtime hours, including Saturdays, which would not have been allowed if he were really a poor worker. Therefore the official version does not conform to work records, for he was invariably on time, did not miss a day of work, and apparently worked hard.

Some biographers contend Lee was let go from this job to make him appear just as later described (as part of his 'cover') -- a disaffected worker who could then be able to re-enter the Soviet Union again, or, alternately, enter Cuba, where Fidel Castro had set up a communist regime that was threatening to spread throughout Mexico, South America, and Central America. The CIA was actively countering this threat with now well-known covert and overt operations. As a 'fake' defector, an argument exists explaining other puzzling developments in Lee Oswald's life that were about to take place. The official explanations concerning Lee Oswald's true life story are becoming progressively obsolete as new evidence, much of it released by government entities since the movie 'JFK' created the outcry that spurred the creation of the Assassination Records Review Board (ARRB), fleshes out previous conspiracy theories with hard facts.

New witnesses have also emerged to support the new evidence, whose statements need to be considered: the old encyclopedia entries rarely include new evidence, and witnesses who have emerged after 1991.

THE WALKER INCIDENT
The Warren Commission concluded that on April 10, 1963, ten days after being fired, Oswald attempted to assassinate retired Major General Edwin Walker, probably using the rifle shown in his backyard pose photos of March 31 (The HSCA stated that the "evidence strongly suggested" that Oswald did the shooting.). General walker, a John Birch Society member and segregationist, was co,mmanding officer of the Army's 24th Infantry Division before he was relieved of his command in 1961 by President Kennedy for distributing radical right-wing literature to his troops. Walker resigned, but upon is return to Texas, he was arrested (but not indicted) for insurrection, seditious conspiracy, and other charges related to anti-inegration and civil rights. Oswald, who was known to support civil rights, regarded Walker as a fascist.
Lee Oswald has been linked to a March, 1963 mail-order purchase of a 6.5 mm caliber Italian Carcano rifle, supposedly through the alias "A. Hidell." He also allegedly purchased a revolver by the same method. But there are difficulties: the Dallas post office could not prove Oswald had rented the post office box indicated because the rental record was unaccountably missing. Further, at least one other person -- Richard Nagell, who called himself a CIA contract agent -- was arrested in Texas later that year carrying identification as "A. Hidell." Nevertheless, the Warren Commission concluded Oswald alone attempted to shoot General Walker, while Walker sat at a desk in his dining room, firing from less than one hundred feet (30 m) away. Walker survived only because the bullet struck the wooden frame of the window, which deflected its path, being injured in the forearm by bullet fragments. A reliable witness stated that he saw two men involved in the incident, but this report was ignored by the Warren Commission. Marina Oswald said her husband returned home and told her he had shot Walker. She said he then buried the rifle. But Marina Oswald also claimed that her husband, hearing that former Vice President Richard Nixon had come to town, decided to shoot him, too. She said she stopped Lee from doing so by trapping him in the bathroom, but the lock to the bathroom door was on the inside, and even the Warren Commssio n dismissed her story as unlikely. Much later, it was learned that Nixon had not been in Dallas at that time.

Marina Oswald was an alien, from Russia, young, alone, and terrified that she would be deported. One of her babies had been born in the United States, and would likely be separated from her if she were to be deported. Therefore, her varying testimonies must be considered as given under duress.

For example, Marina Oswald was interrogated repeatedly about the rifle. At first, she said her husband had no rifle. Later, she said she saw it from time to time. Finally, she was testifying that she saw Oswald dry-firing the rifle ,night after night in New Orleans, though she described that he cleaned the rifle using pipe cleaners -- clearly improbable. Marina later said she was sequestered by the Secret Service, and felt intimidated.
General Walker's brush with death was reported nationwide. The Dallas police had no suspects in the shooting. Oswald's involvement in the attempt on Walker's life was suspected within hours of his arrest on November 22, 1963, following the Kennedy assassination. A note was found in early December, 1963, presumably written by Lee Oswald instructing Marina what to do if he was arrested for the Walker incident. The bullet was too badly damaged to run conclusive ballistics studies on it, but neutron activation studies indicated it was "extremely likely" that the Walker bullet was related by manufacture and composition to the two bullets which struck Kennedy.

But in May, 2007, new evidence emerged: "Science Daily" reported that a Texas A & M University research team concluded that the neutron activiation study was obsolete, and that new tests confirmed that the so-called "matching" fragments could have come from three or more separate bullets and, therefore, from more than one shooter.

THE PROBLEM OF MOTIVE

Controversy rages over what really happened next in Lee Oswald's brief but intriguing life. The 'official version' paints the portrait of a mentally disturbed young man, a wife beater and ne'er-do-well who could find no happness in America or in the USSR. Official versions stress that Lee Oswald is surrounded by masses of evidence overwhelming any other consideration except that he had to be a cold, calculating murderer of two people on the same dark day --November 22, 1963. They suggest that Lee Oswald, convinced that he was nothing but a "loser" (at age 24), descended into a winter of discontent so deep and persistent that only by murdering President Kennedy could he feel important, for no actual motive for Kennedy's murder has actually evolved to explain Oswald's supposed actions, except that he may have felt rejected by his wife, had a dead-end job, and did not feel important. Against this vague set of excuses for murder by a young father of two babies he was known to adore, of a man he was saiid to have "admired," one must remember that Oswald insisted he had shot "nobody." Clearly, Lee Oswald was not seeking fame or attention for the heinous act. In New Orleans, Oswald was interviewed on August 10, 1963 by a New Orleans police investigative officer after Oswald was arrested in what Martello described as a "staged event" between Oswald and three anti-Castro DRE members (described below). Martello stated to the Warren Commission that "when the incident occurred he remained absolutely peaceful and gentle...as far as being capasble of an act [of violence]....as far as ever dreaming or thinking that Oswald would do what it is alleged that he has done, I would bet my head on a chopping block that he wouldn't do it."

NEW ORLEANS

To properly understand Lee Oswald, and what might have prompted his actions, we must return to New Orleans, as did he in April of 1963, when he separated from his wife temporarily, leaving her, pregnant, and with a toddler, in the hands of Ruth Paine, a woman of Quaker beliefs with small children of her own who was going through a divorce. Paine, who lived in Irving, Texas, near Dallas, was connected by several close family members to the CIA. We must carefully inspect what occurred in New Orleans before Lee Oswald's precipitous return to Dallas after his purported trip, by summer's end in 1963, to Mexico City, because so much new evidence has emerged there between 1991 and the present.
Specifically, Lee Harvey Oswald returned to New Orleans on April 25, 1963.

A new witness, Judyth Vary Baker, states she met him the next day at a post office. Baker, a college student who had received advanced training in cancer research, says she had been invited to New Orleans for the summer by Dr. Alton Ochsner to work with Dr. Mary Sherman: Sherman's brutal death a little more than a year later has been linked to the Kennedy assassination through her association with CIA contract pilot and anti-Castro activist David Ferrie -- the same individual who had met Lee Oswald in the Civil Air Patrol. Edward T. Haslam's book, "Dr. Mary's Monkey" relates how underground laboratories had been created by Ochsner, apparently supported by fierce anti-communist right-wing elements, including Texas oilmen and scientists, for the purpose of designing a bioweapon from a custom-designed fast-growing cancer. Such a bioweapon might have been useful to assassinate Fidel Castro. In fact, a host of CIA-sponsored plots against Castro were finally officially acknowledged by the CIA in 2008, including the use of deadly biological and cancer-causing agents, proving that the CIA contemplated or actually attempted unusual and even bizarre methods to kill Castro, with even the Mafia recruited in such plans to kill Castro. Any and all wild ideas, such as pills hidden in cold cream, exploding seashells, and botulin-laced diving suits, were developed in the CIA arsenal for use against Castro. Baker has witnesses on film and audiotape stating they observed she and Oswald as lovers.

Besides naming well-known "players" in New Orleans as involved with Oswald, such as Guy Banister (former FBI), and godfather Carlos Marcello, Baker also brought several new names to the fore, including Alton Ochsner, Anna Lewis (wife of Banister employee David Lewis), William Livesay, who stated he was a prisoner from Angola Prison experimented on in 1963 at the Southeast Louisiana Mental Hospital at Jackson (supporting Baker's statement that prisoners from Angola were used at the hospital for experimentation in 1963), William "Mac" McCullough, a musician and bodyguard-bouncer for Marcello, and from the family of Charles Thomas, who as a former Customs agent in New York had known Lee as a youth: he came from Miami to New Orleans on June 24th, 1963, to help expedite Oswald's new passport in only 24 hours. Baker also adds many logical explanations for actions of Oswald that have hitherto been puzzling and shrouded in mystery.

Her life story and testimony is recorded in Episode 8 in the banned History Channel documentary "The Love Affair" that aired in 2003, the 40th anniversary of the Kennedy assassination, along with "The Smoking Guns" and "The Guilty Men." Baker said she has been harmed, harassed and threatened since: she fled to the political asylum system in the EU, remaining under protection more than ten months until her family could help her. Her book, Me & Lee (2009) relates the entire story. Baker's critics contend that she should have warned Kennedy if she really knew all she claimed to know, but Baker says that not only would she have not been believed, since persons such os Ochsner and Marcello had great power and influence, but Oswald, along with an "abort team" that was trying to save Kennedy, would have been exposed, as Oswald was the inside informant, and was himself sending warnings to the FBI about the impending assassination plot. Lee Oswald helped Baker when her new husband left her alone in New Orleans without a way to contact him: a police raid on the house where she was living made her homeless, and Oswald came to the rescue. The incident drew the pair closer together: Oswald and Baker were hired a few days later on the same day -- May 10-- by Standard Coffee Company, a small sub-company of Reily Coffee Company. A week later, they both transferred on the same day to Reily Coffee Company, which, Baker says, provided cover jobs for their activities as anti-Castro assets for persons known to be linked to the CIA. Officially, Oswald worked as a machinery greaser, and Judyth was the field and finance secretary for Reily's Vice-President, William Monaghan, a fomer FBI agent who cooperated in arranging the cover jobs. Oswald's wife, Marina, and his young daughter, June Lee, soon joined in New Orleans, after being driven there by Ruth Paine from Texas. Because Oswald and Baker both had unhappy marriages, their daily activities together in the anti-Castro effort drew them closer.

Baker's husband was gone most of the summer, and his neglect required Oswald's intervention on several occasions. The result was a love affair, traces of which can be detected in the evidence, such as reports of an unknown woman seen with Oswald by Lee McGeehee, a barber in Jackson (near the mental hospital where the prisoners were being tested) and by Reeve Morgan's daughter (Morgan worked at the hospital as a guard). On July 19, 1963, Oswald was fired from Reily for poor work performance. Previous to this, on May 26, 1963, Oswald, without any previous contact with the FPCC, wrote a letter to the New York City headquarters of the Fair Play for Cuba Committee, a pro-Castro organization, and proposed "...renting a small office at my own expense for the purpose of forming a FPCC branch here in New Orleans." The FPCC Chairman replied, rejecting Oswald's proposal and later commenting on its suspicious nature. In that letter, Oswald also reported a public brawl with Cuban refugees, although that fight would not occur for two weeks. Oswald's plans to form an FPCC branch have been confusing to most, but Baker and others say this was a ploy to give Oswald "credentials" so he could more safely enter Cuba as a double agent. Baker says that an article in the May 4, 1963 Times-Picayune, about an undercover agent starting a fight with three men to 'prove' he was 'bad' caught Oswald's eye, and he used this scheme himself on August 9, 1963, to have three men attack him while handing out handbills, to publicize his pro-Castro stance. The FPCC address stamped on oswald's flyers was 4907 Magazine St., an apartment Oswald consistently said was his, but which, in fact was vacant until Eric Rogers and his wife moved there in mid-July, 1963. Oswald continued to pay the utility bill at 4907 until September, though he and his wife and child actually lived at 4905 Magazine. Oswald told Baker he did this to protect his wife and child from anti-Castro holligans.
On August 5 and 6, according to anti-Castro asset Carlos Bringuier, Lee Oswald visited him at a clothing store he owned in New Orleans, known as an anti-Castro protest center. Bringuier was the New Orleans delegate for the anti-Castro Cuban Student Directorate (the CIA's Joannides, who had hidden information from the HSCA, oversaw the activities of this organization). Bringuier told the Warren Commission that he believed Oswald's visits were an attempt by Oswald to infiltrate his anti-Castro group, but Baker said Oswald was planning the "fight" incident with Bringuier's foreknowledge, and staged the visit to create an excuse for Bringuier's display of anger on August 9th, when he saw Oswald distributing pro-Castro literature on Canal St. in New Orleans. If this is true, we can understand how Bringuier obtained, and got to keep, Lee Oswald's Marine manual, which Baker and Oswald's mother, Marguerite, both said Oswald 'treasured."

On August 9, Bringuier confronted Oswald, claiming he was tipped off about Oswald's leafleting by a friend. After Bringuier knocked Oswald's materials from his hands and threatened him (Oswald crossed his hands across his chest and dared Bringuier to hit him). Bringuier and two of his friends, along with Oswald, were arrested and charged with disturbing the peace. The arresting officer later stated he believed the event was staged. While under arrest, Lee asked to be interviewed by the FBI, and though it was Saturday, and the FBI office was understaffed, Lee received a lengthy interview before he was released on bail provided by a Mafia lawyer friendly with Lee's uncle Charles "Dutz" Murret, who worked for Carlos Marcello.

The arrest got news media attention and Oswald was interviewed afterwards. He was next filmed passing out fliers in front of the International Trade Mart with two 'volunteers' he had hired, but Oswald's FPCC activities in New Orleans came to an abrupt end after a WDSU radio "debate" between Bringuier and Oswald, arranged by journalist and INCA director Bill Stuckey, outed information that Lee was a returned defector. Up to this time, such information had not been known. Baker has pointed out that Congressman Edwin Willis' office was across the street from Reily Coffee, and Willis, the Director of HUAC -- an arm of Congress that went actively after communists and tracked all defectors-- was aware of Oswald's true identity. Therefore, Oswald was protected at Reily's until it was time for him to leave that job and begin posing as a pro-Castro supporter, which Baker says was to make him look pro-Cuban so he could be used to courier the bioweapon to Mexico City without suspicion. No meetings were ever held by Oswald's FPCC. The Reily family, who owned Wm. B. Reily Coffee, were charter members of Dr. Alton Ochsner's INCA organization -- The Information Council of the Americas (an anti-communist propaganda arm encouraged by the CIA). Many researchers believe Reily's would never have hired a returned defector, a former Marine with an 'undesirable' discharge and a Russian wife, had Oswald not actually been known to them to be a double agent, as they screened all employees carefully.

But after Oswald left Reily, his cover could be 'blown' to give him the 'sheep-dipping' he needed to be acceptable as pro-Castro. The fact that Oswald handed out flyers promoting his new branch of the Fair Play for Cuba Committee, yet never held a meeting, collected dues, or provided his true address at any time, suggests this activity was indeed a ploy to add "pro-Castro" credentials to Oswald's "pro-communist" image. It is interesting that in July, 1963, Oswald was asked to speak to college graduates who were seminarians, along with priests and professors at Spring Hill College, in Mobile, Alabama, where he delivered speech for an hour and ten minutes about life in the USSR. The speech was critical of the Soviet Union. A different Oswald presented to the WDSU debate, however: Oswald defended Castro's Cuba, stressing that the FPCC was not on the FBI's list of subversive organizations. But then he was confronted with accusations about his past in the Soviet Union. Clearly unprepared, Oswald let it slip that while he was in the Soviet Union, he was "under the protection" of the U. S. government -- then quickly corrected his statement to say that he was "not" under U. S. government protection. Transcripts of the program as released on the Internet by "Official Version" writers leave out the original slip of the tongue: one wonders why the phrase was removed. but in this article, the uncensored statement is presented.
Oswald's activities in New Orleans in mid-1963 finally could not be ignored, and began to be investigated in 1967 by New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison, who decided to arrest Clay Shaw on March 1st, 1967. Garrison was originally interested in investigating David Ferrie's connections to Oswald, which Ferrie himself denied. Ferrie, protesting that now his life was in danger, died hours after he was released from protective custody and before he could be brought to trial, supposedly from a ruptured berry aneurysm, though two unsigned 'suicide letters" were found, there was a bruise inside ferrie's mouth, and a bottle with a day-old prescription of 100 proloid tablets was found almost empty. In 1993, the PBS television program Frontline obtained a group photograph, taken eight years before the assassination, that showed Oswald and Ferrie at a weekend training session enjoying a cookout with a few other Civil Air Patrol cadets.[75]
Ron Lewis claimed that he briefly met David Ferrie and Guy Banister, and Lewis could have substantiated many claims proposed by Jim Garrison, but decided not to risk personal danger by coming forward with his testimony during the trial of Clay Shaw. Witnesses in Clinton, Louisiana testified at Garrison's trial of Clay Shaw that they saw Oswald, Clay Shaw and David Ferrie waiting, for an unknown reason, near the town's City Hall, where the three men remained together for nearly half a day, having arrived in a black Cadillac.

The Cadillac was reported as having been registered to the International Trade Mart. For some reason, Oswald stood in line to register to vote, though not a resident of Feliciana Parish. Only Baker has come forward with a logical explanation for the event, and the subsequent sighting of Oswald (with a young woman) in nearby Jackson, Louisiana, later: she says that this event occurred the day after Martin luther King's March on Washington, and that Oswald, tired of waiting for the telephone call at the phone booth which caused the delay, was standing in line to win a bet that he could be registered without ID's, while many blacks were being turned away. He ultimately failed, but apparently did succeed in getting his name written down before it was erased. The wait for the call was necessary, Baker says, because the Cadillac was to join a convoy coming from Angola Prison with one or more prisoners. The convoy, she says, was delayed, forcing the three to wait. Oswald was present to observe the testing procedure on the prisoner(s) so he could later orally relay information to a contact in Mexico City, to whom the bioweapon was to be handed over, as only oral instructions were allowed, and Ferrie, known to have medical knowledge, was present to give medical instructions, having been trained to do so. Shaw provided the official-looking vehicle and money. No other explanation, has provided a more compelling reason: for example, researcher Joan Mellen stated she believed Oswald was asked to register to vote to help him obtain a job in the Jackson mental hospital, though with his wife and child living over a hundred miles away in New Orleans, and the attempt to register foiled, since not even faked documents were offered, seems unlikely, nor did it seem necessary to have a busy and important businessman such as Clay Shaw accompanying Oswald and the notorious Ferrie for such a task. And finally, a conflict between witnesses seeing Oswald with Shaw and Ferrie in a cadillac, and then shortly after, with a woman in an old car, was unexplained until Baker revealed that with her specialized training, it was necessary for oswald to drive her shortly afterwards back to Jackson to conduct blood tests on the treated prisoner(s). Critics note that Oswald had no driver's license and was unable to drive, but Warren Commission interviews mention Oswald borrowing a cousin's vehicle; a report of finding Oswald's Texas driver's license was made, but the license disappeared. Marina Oswald said Oswald took driving lessons from Ruth Paine and "did well" a month later. Baker stated that Oswald learned to drive in the Marines, but pretended to be unable to drive to keep his wife at home.

Vincent Bugliosi and Gerald Posner have both written very similar books that forcefully present the official version of Oswald's life and activities in such a manner as to convince most persons who read these books that Oswald must have been guilty of shooting President John F. Kennedy. There seems to be an overwhelming amount of evidence assembled against Oswald, leading to the obvious conclusion that he was the sole assassin. But while the statements and records, as assembled by both Bugliosi and Posner, are convincing to anyone who has not closely investigated the case, difficulties arise when the quality of the evidence is considered, versus quantity: the massive amoubt of evidence offered by the Dallas Police, for example, is not impressive as it first seems when more closely examined: chain-of-possession of bullets, the planting of evidence, the morphing of a Mauser rifle into a Mannlicher-carcano, then to "an Italian carbine," -- and the description of the rifle oswald supposedly used to kill kennedy as an 'accurate" weapon, when it had been dscribed broadly as "the humane rifle" for its poor performance -- such considerations are dismissed, those who worry about "conspiracy" are called fools, and troubling matters such as showing one of the famed backyard photos to Oswald before the official record says the photos were actually 'found' or telling the public that a paraffin test 'proved' "Oswald shot a gun" when the test was, in fact, negative for same -- such problems are ignored, denied, or trivialized.

OSWALD IN MEXICO CITY
According to the Warren Commission, Lee Harvey Oswald traveled to Mexico City in the fall of 1963, in search of a visa for travel to Cuba and the Soviet Union. Failing in that effort, he returned to Dallas, where on Novemer 22, he killed President Kennedy.
Cuban or Soviet conspiracy theories proliferated due to the events and stories related to this visit after the assassination. The Mary Ferrell Foundation states: "They were apparently instrumental in the creation of the Warren Commission, and over the years more and more has trickled out regarding a trip which ultimately remains enigmatic. The record on Mexico City is wildly muddled and mysterious. Was Oswald impersonated there? Who is the "mystery man" caught by photo surveillance? Why are CIA records on the trip at sharp variance with participant's memories? Were the witnesses who reported events indicating a Communist conspiracy telling the truth, spinning false tales, or perhaps reporting on staged incidents? Did Oswald, or someone pretending to be him, threaten the life of JFK in the Cuban Embassy?
Despite the mysteries, one thing is certain. The events in Mexico City had a profound effect on the federal government's response to the assassination. President Johnson invoked fears of nuclear war in putting together the Warren Commission, finally enlisting a recalcitrant Earl Warren by telling him "what Hoover told me about a little incident in Mexico City." Considerations regarding the trip to Mexico City:
The Fourteen Minute Gap - A short documentary about an erased Presidential phone call in which Johnson and Hoover a Mexico City impersonator.
Oswald's Visits to the Cuban and Soviet Embassies - Discusses the Oswald embassy visits and the resulting CIA cable traffic.
The Mexico City Tapes - Focuses on recorded telephone conversations of a man using Oswald's name, who was apparently not Oswald.
Valeriy Kostikov and Comrade Kostin - Examines the KGB Department 13 "wet affairs" connection and the curious letter written to a "Comrade Kostin."
Photo Surveillance and the Mystery Man - Looks at the man caught on surveillance cameras, apparently originally thought to be Oswald.
Stories of Communist Conspiracy in Mexico City - Discusses the arrest of Cuban Consulate worker Sylvia Duran, the allegations of Gilberto Alvarado Ugarte, Pedro Gutierrez Valencia, and Elena Garro de Paz, and another event involving suspected Cuban intelligence agent Luisa Calderon. Baker says Oswald was unable to hand off the biological weapon to a contact in Mexico City because the approaching hurricane Flora was about to devastate Cuba, meaning the medical personnel would be too busy to cooperate in the effort to kill castro, being sent to many parts of the threatened island nation. She says he then desperately attempted to find other ways to get the materials into Cuba, without success. The limited shelf life of the weapon meant that after a few days, it would be too late: oswald then was ordered to return to Dallas. Interestingly, oswald received his tansit visa on his birthday, but ignored it. he never brought up wanting to go to Cuba again, which baker says was simply because the mission there had failed and could not be repeated successfully by the ame agent. By now, Baker said, Oswald was expendable as a former 'defector' and as a man who 'knew too much,' having penetrated an assassination ring that began in New Orleans.

OSWALD RETURNS TO DALLAS

Spartacus.com gives us this interpretation (modified here) of the events occuring when Lee Oswald returned to Dallas:
"In September, 1963, Marina Oswald moved to Dallas to have her second child. Oswald...arrived in Dallas in October, 1963. Marina and June were living with Ruth Paine. Oswald rented a room in Dallas, and with the help of Paine, found a job at the Texas School Book Depository.
On 22nd November, 1963, President Kennedy arrived in Dallas. It was decided that Kennedy and his party, including his wife, Jacqueline Kennedy, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, Governor John Connally and Senator Ralph Yarborough, would travel in a procession of cars through the business district of Dallas. A pilot car and several motorcycles rode ahead of the presidential limousine. As well as Kennedy the limousine included his wife, John Connally, his wife Nellie, Roy Kellerman, head of the Secret Service at the White House and the driver, William Greer. The next car carried eight Secret Service Agents. This was followed by a car containing Lyndon Johnson and Ralph Yarborough.
At about 12.30 p.m. the presidential limousine entered Elm Street. Soon afterwards shots rang out. Kennedy was hit by bullets that hit him in the right front side of the head, exiting to the rear and leaving a widem gaping wound described by over a dozen witnesses -- doctors and nurses -- at Parkland Hospital. The gaping wound in the back of Kennedy's head later vanished when official autopsy photos showed a small entry wound in the rear of the head. problems with the autopsy photos have been ignored by official version writers, but the concensus among honest investigators are that the autopsy photos were falsified, which can be easily seen by even a layman. A second bullet made an entry into Kennedy's throat, but the small wound, described by several doctors there, was obliterated by a tracheotomy at Parkland Hospital. The tracheotomy wound itself was grossly enlarged by the time autopsy photos were created, making any definitive location of the original bullet wound conjectural. There was also a wound in the left shoulder that came from the rear. Gerald Ford, later to become appointed President after Richard Nixon's resignation, moved the location of the bullet wound upward several inches, to allow the creation of the "magic bullet" theory propounded by now-senator Arlen specter, to account for the fact that Oswald could not have fired off more than three bullets in the time frame indicated. Another bullet hit John Connally in the back, to which he testified, as a fourth bullet, but the "magic bullet" now accounts for his wounds, as well, though the bullet said to have done so much damage was fund on a stretcher in near-pristine condition. Ten seconds after the first shots had been fired the president's car accelerated off at high speed towards Parkland Memorial Hospital. Both men were carried into separate emergency rooms. Connally had wounds to his back, chest, wrist and thigh. Kennedy's injuries were far more serious. He had a massive wound to the head and at 1 p.m. he was declared dead.
Witnesses at the scene of the assassination claimed they had seen shots being fired from behind a wooden fence on the Grassy Knoll and from the Texas School Book Depository. The police investigated these claims and during a search of the Texas School Book Depository they discovered on the floor by one of the sixth floor windows, three empty cartridge cases, lined up in a row. They also found a Mauser and identified it (decorated Dallas police office Roger Craig testifies on YouTube about seeing a "Mauser" but within 24 hours, the rifle was described as a Mannlicher-Carcano Mannlicher-Carcano. the rifle shown being removed from the buklding, however, does not match the rifle now on display in the National Archives as the killer rifle. The rifle was fund hidden beneath some boxes.
Oswald was seen in the Texas School Book Depository before (11.55 a.m.) and just after (12.31 p.m.). The shooting of Kennedy occurred at12.33. Oswald was seen 90 seconds later on the ground floor. Despite reconstructions purporting to show oswald culd have fled down the stairs in time to have been seen only 90 seconds later, witnesses going down the stairs at the same time never saw Oswald descending. Oswald was seen leaving the building, however, and by 1.00 p.m arrived at his lodgings. His landlady, Earlene Roberts, later reported that soon afterwards a police car drew up outside the house and sounded the horn twice and moved on. Roberts claimed that Oswald now left the building.
At 1.16 p.m. J. D. Tippet, a Dallas policeman, approached a man, identified as Oswald by sme witnesses, but not as Oswald by others, walking along East 10th Street. A witness later testified that after a short conversation the gunman in question pulled out a hand gun and fired a number of shots at Tippet. Bullet casings found came form a semi-automatic, but this did not match the non-automatic revolver later associated with Oswald when he was arrested. Oswald reportedly ran off, leaving the dying Tippet on the ground.
Twenty minutes later, Johnny Brewer, a manager of a shoe shop, saw a man (Oswald) who appeared to be hiding from passing police cars. He called the police after he saw the man enter a cinema. When the police arrived, Brewer accompanied the officers into the cinema where he pointed out the man he had seen acting in a suspicious manner. After a brief struggle Oswald was arrested. The crowd outside were yelling "Kill the President, will you?" Nobody knows how this information came to be known to the crowd.
The police soon found out that Oswald worked at the Texas Book Depository. They also discovered his palm print on the rifle that was found earlier that day, but only after Oswald was dead and his palm print had been taken from his dead body at the funeral parlor. The FBI had not found any palm print on the rifle at all, and they had closely inspected the rifle in every possible way before returning it to the dallas Police. Other evidence emerged that suggested that Oswald had been involved in the killing of Kennedy. Oswald's hand prints were found on the book cartons -- but he worked there and handled the boxes. An unidentified fingerprint was found to belong to Malcolm Wallace, a convicted murderer. Nobody has been able t explain why the FBI toom a year and a half to decide that the fingerprint, identified by a seasoned forensic expert, was then declared not to match Wallace's (see the banned History Channel documentary on YouTube--The Men Who Killed Kennedy, Episode 9 of the three banned documentaries, for full information). Charles Givens, a fellow worker, testified that he saw Oswald on the sixth floor at 11.55 a.m. Another witness, Howard Brennan, claimed he saw Oswald holding a rifle at the sixth floor window.
The police also discovered that the Mannlicher-Carcano rifle was purchased under the name A. Hidell. When he was arrested, the police found that Oswald was carrying a forged identity card bearing the name Alek Hiddell. The rifle had been sent by the Klein mail order company from Chicago to P.O. Box 2915, Dallas, Texas. The Post Office box belonged to Oswald. However, witness Judyth Baker has stated that the order form was sloppy, mixing cursive with printed handwriting, noting that Oswald almost always printed everything on order forms very neatly, because he had dyslexia and was afraid of making an error: hence, she believes the order form was faked. In addition, researcher Martha Moyer has noted that the order form was received and the order filled only one day after Oswald supposedly airmailed it from Dallas, Texas -- improbable, at best.
While being interrogated by the Dallas Police, Oswald denied he had been involved in the killing of Kennedy. He claimed that he was a "patsy" (a term used by the Mafia to describe someone set up to take the punishment for a crime they did not commit). A voice stress analysis test of Oswald's voice indicates that he told the truth.
On 24th November, 1963, the Dallas Police decided to transfer Oswald to the county jail. As Oswald was led through the basement of police headquarters, surrounded by a large crowd of reporters and armed police, a man well known to the Dallas police rushed forward and shot him in the stomach. The gunman was quickly arrested by police officers. Oswald died soon afterwards. The man who killed him was later identified as Jack Ruby, a nightclub owner, FBI informant, and known mafia bagman foir New Orleans Mafia godfaher Carlos Marcello, who on November 22, the day kennedy was shot, was acquitted after being prosecuted in New Orleans by Bobby Kennedy. After the assassination of Kennedy, Marina Oswald, her toddler Junie, and her six-week-old baby daughter, Rachel, were taken by the FBI and Secret Service to the Inn of the Six Flags Hotel. Threatened with deportation, she agreed to give the authorities all the information she had. Some of this was information was later used by the warren Commission to suggest that her husband was the lone assassin. Conclusion: As more evidence is released, despite media support for the official version, the responsible student or citizen needs to be aware that there are good reasons why "conspiracy theorists" are concerned about the official version of the murder of President John F. Kennedy.

Calls to have the case reopened have fallen on deaf ears: apparently, we are to wait until all the witnesses are dead before the last files on Oswald will be released. Even then, nobody knows if what we see then will be the truth, or falsified. There is no doubt whatsoever that Oswald's case was mishandled: the tragedy is that President John F. Kennedy's death, for whatever reasons, was not properly investigated. This biography offers an alternative to the usual "Official Version."